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Instructions for
Assembly
This is just an example (as of Summer 1999) of the intructions
you will receive with your kit. Instructions might be updated in accordance
to your particular needs.
Complete the Hull and Deck Assembly:
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Finishing up the hull:
-
Clean the hull seam using sandpaper. End up with
400 grit. The bottom of the keel needs to be even but not perfect.
Sort out the wood servo blocks according to plans A & B. Measure,
mark and drill the holes (1/4S´, 6.35mm) and emplace the
servo bolt inserts (flush). The servo deck is already bonded into
the hull with the keel rod tubes. Slide the mast step blocks over
the keel rod tubes and bond to the servo deck with 60 minute epoxy.
The plates with their holes are already glued into these blocks.
Check the fit and glue the servo blocks between the mast step
blocks.
Mark the outside of the hull at the stern tuck with a pencil (approximately
.27S´, 7mm ř) lying flush and upright against the sternpost.
Drill a small hole keeping it as parallel to the sternpost as
you may. Now from the inside of the hull enlarge this hole (maximum
.5S´, 12mm ř) so that you can see the sternpost, but try
not to cut forward of it. This is to allow you to position the
stern tube correctly - inside forward wall flush and parallel
with the sternpost. The top of the stern tube needs to be a little
shy of the underside of the deck, since you can fill any gaps
after the deck is bonded in.
Cut out the stern tube template from the plan attached. Wrap it
around the stern tube pipe, using the two vertical lines as start
and finish points, and cut and sand until the pipe matches the
template. Temporarily, but ensuring a firm fit against the underside
of the rail, put the bulwarks in place. Put the trimmed stern
tube in the correct place and, using a spline between the undersides
of the bulwarks, make sure its top lies a deck thickness under
this spline. Glue in place with a sufficiency of polyester resin
mixed with chopped fiber. Cut out the hull inside the tube.
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Fit the deck: The deck comes ready for
installation - be careful not to mar the wood surface. We recommend
masking it off. All of the joints in this section need to be filled
with resin or isocyanacrylate (in the case of the keel rod tubes)
because they need to be completely watertight. Plenty of resin
and then cutting off the excess or peeling off the tape is the
way to do this.
- If you want to pin your deck fittings to the deck, drill
1/16S´ (1.6mm) holes for the brass wire supplied. It
is advisable to make a little jig with the two holes correctly
spaced so that they are all the same (in the case of the cannon)
and so that the fittings can be drilled using the same jig.
Drill the holes for the polypropylene tubing fairleads, .154S´
(#23)(3.9mm). If you need to, use the plan A by cutting it
out to the edge of the deck, lining up the planking, taping
it down and drilling through it. Drill two .25" (6.35mm) holes
as shown on plan A for the keel rods.
The location for the two holes for the lowest masts is shown
on plan A. Mark them on your deck and drill holes (.5", 13mm)
in the centers. Rather than using a regular drill bit, use
one with a 90º included point angle or a a sharp countersinking
bit so that you do not fracture the fiberglass underdeck.
Enlarge each hole to the required diameter using a file or
drill with a grinding tool. When you step the masts they are
sealed to the deck with a silicone seal.
-
-
The height of the deck is determined by the
2 bulwark pieces which fit under the rail. The piece which
lies against the hull is a blank filler piece. The inner piece
has the gunports cut and is .375S´ (9.4mm) above the
deck to allow for the bulwark plank to set the deck height.
Port and starboard bulwark planks are made from two pieces
each (butt join) of the .375S´ x .156S´ (9.5 x
4mm) birch stock.
Put the telescoping fiberglass extension tubes into the keel
rod tubes so that when the deck is glued you can slide them
up against the underside of the deck and bond them to it.
Drop the deck into the hull and leave it there. Glue in the
bulwark next to the hull with hot melt glue or equivalent
temporary cement. Its aft surface rests against the transom.
Clamp this in so it is really flush against the hull material.
Now emplace the inner bulwark (the one with the gunport cutouts)
and again glue it and its bulwark plank temporarily. This
piece must be flush up against the underside of the rail and
the transom. The bottom edge of the bulwark plank should contact
the deck, so lift the deck up and support it with bendable
sticks wedged to the internal keel space, tight against the
bulwark. When satisfied glue in scrap blocks of wood, or even
use car body filler (but don‰t let it bond to the unglued
deck), to form steps for the deck to rest on. 8 per side is
plenty.
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Remove the bulwarks and deck. Glue in the
deck with polyester resin mixed into a paste with a filler
(chopped fiber or glass beads). Be sure to fill the entire
deck-to-hull joint up to the level of the deck at least. Bond
the keel rod extension tubes to the underside of the deck.
Use a piece of dowel to line up the keel rod tube extension
as you glue it. Remember to glue the middle joint on these
tubes. Bond in the outer bulwark pieces with the same resin
paste; mask the surface that the inner pieces will laminate
to, to keep them clean, so you‰ll get a good join. Glue the
inner bulwark and bulwark plank in place, trimming off any
resin that gets in the gunports, and again masking the inner
surface.
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Trim the rail: Trim the top edge of the
fiberglass with a laminate trimmer or rasp/file so as to make
it smooth and flush with the bulwarks. Sand the inner wood bulwarks
to smooth them and knock off any resin that may be left from gluing.
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Painting information: Their are five elements
to the way we paint these ships which we perform in the following
order:
- painting the hull black: This is to cover up any scratches
made whilst sanding the hull seam, gluing on the stemhead,
etc.
- paint the yellow ochre stripe.
- paint the bulwarks and insides of the gunports red ochre.
- paint below the waterline, dirty, verdigris copper.
- optional: paint the transom blue.
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Attach the stemhead, cut the gunports, hawseholes
and scuppers:
- Drill a large (0.5S´, 13mm) hole in the center of
each gunport (measure carefully!). Saw or router (using the
bulwark cutouts as a guide) the gunports. Edge-trimming router
bits have a ball bearing on the end of a straight cutter of
the same diameter. This bearing follows the bulwark gunport
wall and allows the cutter to cut the hull to exactly the
same shape. If there is polyester resin on the inside walls
of the ports, remove it. Square the corners with a file. Fore
and aft chase port are not cut. They can be marked on the
bulwarks or hull with ink if you desire.
-
-
Drill the hawseholes, 2 each side, horizontally,
as indicated on the plans A and B.
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The stemhead is provided. Drill a 1/4S´
(6.35mm) hole in its base and glue in a pin made from a piece
of wood dowel. Drill a larger hole than this pin in approximately
the right location in the stem and make sure the stemhead
can line up. Now glue on with epoxy, filling the oversize
hole. Sand and fill to make a smooth match.
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Glue on, using isocyanacrylate, the 0.062S´
x 0.250S´ x 24S´ (1.6 x 6.3 x 610mm) pieces of
strip wood to form the waterway from stem to stern.
Drill the scuppers midway in between each gunport except the
first and last places so defined (therefore a total of seven
each side). Drill from the waterway at 20Á downwards from
the deck plane at that point with a 1/4" (6.35mm) drill, at
right angles to the run of the bulwark. These holes are to
allow water to run off the deck. It is easy to make yourself
a jig to guide your drill: see plan B. Cut lengths of the
.25S´ (6.35mm) o.d. fiberglass tubing with 20Á ends
and glue them in these holes with the angled end inboard and
flush with the bulwark. Fill (polyester filler) any chips
made by the drill on the outside of the hull and sand them
flush on the outside.
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Attach the bowsprit rest: Cut a notch in
the top of the rest to allow the cable tie that holds the mainstay
to be threaded around the bowsprit (see Plan A). Sand the front
surface to roughly fit against the stem and bulwarks when the
aft end is the correct distance from the mast. Paint red ochre.
Glue to the deck and stem with epoxy, right on the centerline.
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Attach the rudder, tiller block and tiller:
- Screw the rudder base plate to the inserts in the bottom
of the keel with the ss 10-24 screws.
-
Mark a spot with a standard pencil (about .27S´
(7mm) diameter) keeping the pencil against the sternpost, at the
forward upper end of the rudder passage through the hull (stern
tube). Drill a 1/16S´ (1.6mm) hole from the bottom. You
will not be able to drill parallel to the sternpost. Hold the
tiller block over this hole, remembering the hole is slightly
too far forward, centered on the planking pattern and drill through
the deck using the pre-drilled 1/4S´ (6.3mm) hole as a guide
for the same diameter drill. Without engaging the axle in the
bottom plate, slide it up through this hole and place the tiller
block over its head and check that it is parallel to the sternpost.
If it needs adjustment, increase the size of the hole you just
drilled with a file until it can lie absolutely parallel.
Important: If there is any binding in the rudder block
when the axle is engaged in the bottom plate, it means that the
rudder block is not resting so as to keep the axle at the correct
angle, so, sand the bottom of the block (keeping it flat) until
the rudder turns with complete freedom.
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Slide the axle up into the tiller block, holding
or clamping it and then lift the rudder and axle out. Without
releasing the block, drill into it (3/32S´, 2.5mm) from
below in 2 places and attach with ss sheet metal screws. Put the
rudder back into place and accurately mark the portion of the
shaft that is visible in the slot of the tiller block.
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Bend the black ABS tiller as shown on plan B. This
is done by heating the plastic gently with a hair dryer (wear
leather gloves) until finger pressure alone is just sufficient
to bend it. Hold it for a minute while it cools. You have been
provided with a piece of 1/4S´ x 1/4S´ (6.3 x 6.3mm)
black ABS scrap to experiment with. Attach the tiller quadrant
with the 2 screws (drill 5/64S´, 2mm)
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The tiller has a central brass square 1/4S´
(6.3mm) plate pre-drilled to fit over the .25S´ (6.3mm)
brass rudder axle. Drill the end of the tiller for attachment
of the rudder line (see Plan A). Glue the plate into the tiller
and cross drill (1/16S´, 1.6mm) exactly athwartships, one
side first, then slide it onto the axle so that it lies just where
you have made the mark, now cross drill athwartships through the
original hole, through the rudder axle and through the other side
of the plate and tiller. Make sure the tiller is parallel to the
centerline of the rudder. Assemble the rudder axle to the tiller
and tiller block by sliding the tiller into the tiller block and
inserting the rudder axle through both and pinning with a 1/16S´
(1.6mm) brass pin cut from rod provided. The false rudder has
2 pins already glued in it. Slide these into the rudder and secure
with the ss set screws.
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Add the raised decks and knightheads:
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Laminate the screened wooden deck to the top of
the fiberglass raised decks with contact cement (see plan A).
Check the fit of the decks inside the bulwarks - their top surfaces
should be an even 1/16" (1.6mm) below the top of the rail. Drill
the hole (.154S´(#23), 3.9mm) for the driver sheet polypro
fairlead in the main deck before gluing the aft raised deck. Sand
as required and glue in with 5-minute epoxy. Reinforce this joint
underneath with pieces of birch coving. Add a .25"x .25" (6.35
x 6.35mm) beam under the aft end of the fore raised deck, running
from bulwark to bulwark. Make the foresail hook (.125" (3.2mm)
brass rod) and glue into a drilled hole in the center of the aft
side of the fore raised deck beam.
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Make the timber- (small) and knightheads (large)
from the 1/4S´ x 1/4S´ (6.3 x 6.3mm) and 3/8S´
x 3/8S´ (9.5 x 9.5mm) wood strip provided, respectively.
Drill holes in the bottoms for pins cut from 1/4S´ (6.3mm)
dowel. To angle the tops, cut a shallow kerf around the square
with a fine-bladed backsaw at the correct height. Using a small
sharp chisel blade, cut away the wood at an angle, from nothing
at the very top to an eighth of the width of the square at the
kerf. Try this on a piece of scrap first - it is easy.
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Drill holes in the rail for the knight- and timberheads
(position as shown on plan A) and glue them on, making sure one
edge of the square timber is parallel with the rail. Drill and
glue in the 2 bowsprit shroud eyes and the bobstay eye as shown
on Plan B.
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Make the hole for the bowsprit:
Drill an initial central hole of 1/4" (7mm). Pay attention
to the actual angle and location of this hole, in relation to the
rail, as shown on plan B. Enlarge it with a second drill to allow
your round rasp to fit. File the bottom edge of this hole down until
you are at the bowsprit rest. Now enlarge the hole slowly until it
fits the bowsprit and is tangent to the rest. Square down the edge
of the elliptical cut in the raised deck so that it is even and will
not splinter.
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Attach the inner rail trim:
This is made up from lengths of the birch strip 1/16"
x 1/4" (1.6 x 6.3mm). Checking the fit first and starting at the raised
foredeck, glue lengths on the inside of the bulwark, using isocyanacrylate
and clothes pins, flush with the top of the rail, butting the second
against the first until you reach the stern. Cut and glue a piece
against the transom. Round the top edge to equal the radius of the
outer top edge of the rail and fill the seam if you so desire. Paint
black when you paint the hull.
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Paint the hull:
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Paint the hull black, masking off those areas (deck)
that don‰t get any paint. Mark the hull all the way around with
the waterline. The height of this line is indicated in plan B.
Prop the hull up securely on a good flat table so that these marks
are at the same height from the surface. Ensure that the rail
height is the same both port and starboard at any particular gunport.
Now, taking a block of scrap wood or anything that has a flat
top that you can rest a pencil on it, adjust its height and then
slide it around the hull marking the waterline with the pencil.
Mask off above this line and paint the below-water portion of
the hull a verdigris copper. Now mask off the portion bounding
the stripe. This can be done using 1.5S´ (40mm) masking
tape (or two pieces of 3/4S´, 20mm) put all along each side,
from the stem to the transom, set parallel to the rail and 1/8S´
(3.2mm) below it, representing the stripe. Mask off the area adjoining
it, then remove the 1.5S´ (40mm) masking tape to expose
the stripe area which can be painted a yellow ochre.
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Mask off the outside of the hull so that you seal
the gunports on the outside. Mask the deck and the rail above
the bulwark. Paint the bulwarks, including the inside of the gunports
red ochre. The areas under the raised decks should be painted
with a brush.
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Attach the channels:
Mark the beginning point of each channel on the rail,
using the dimension from the edge of the relevant gunport, as shown
on plan B. Check that the channels fit smoothly against the outside
of the ship, just below the rail. Sand to fit if required. Paint them
black, except the gluing surface. Clamp the channels in place as a
final check, then glue them on using 5-minute epoxy.
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Insert the rigging blocks, rigging line tubes and
deck eyes:
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The rigging blocks are cast urethane, and need to
be sanded to fit the camber of the underside of the deck and drilled
before being glued in under the deck with epoxy. Mark the four
brace tube and jib sheet tube on the deck from plan A. If you
can clamp the blocks in approximately the right place, then drill
through the deck and through them, it is best. Otherwise drill
the deck holes, hold the rigging blocks in place and mark them
with a pencil through the deck holes. Drill to fit the running
rigging copper tubing guides, not the polypro tube. Screw in the
rigging eyes as indicated for the sheets. Now glue the metal tubes
into the blocks and set the angles correctly. Make sure enough
of the metal tube protrudes from the top (.25", 6.3mm) to align
them with the deck holes. Glue in the blocks. Drill down into
the metal tubes for .25S´ (6.3mm) with a 0.154S´(#23)
(3.9mm) ř drill and glue the polypro fairlead tubing into them
with isocyanacrylate.
-
The polypropylene tubing needs to be bent for the
rudder line and driver sheet fairleads, using the less-hot part
of the soldering iron to heat it (experiment with scrap first!)
in a smooth curve as shown on plan B. All the fairleads should
project to a height of 1/2S´ (12.7mm) from the deck, and
down .25S´ (6.3mm) below the deck. Glue all around each
with isocyanacrylate. Drill holes where marked for the two aft
tiller line deck eyes and glue in place. Likewise, drill and emplace
the 2 eyes on the bulwark that are at the height of the tiller
quadrant. The open end of the eye should be on the outside, and
the eyes should be angled as shown on plan A.
Assemble deck fittings and chains:
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Assemble 18 cannon carriages from the laser cut
5/32S´ (4mm) marine ply parts. These parts are meant to
fit loosely together. Glue with wood glue. Position the rear wedge
so it supports the barrel. If you want to pin the cannon to the
deck, drill holes through the two cross pieces. Use a jig for
consistency. Pins should be made from 1/16S´ (1.6mm) brass
rod. Paint dirty dark brown. Glue on wheels. Paint cannon barrels
black and glue on. Glue to deck using isocyanacrylate on wheels
or pins. See plan B and attached sketch.
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Three deck hatches:
-
The fore hatch is assembled from the 1/4" (6.35mm)
wood pieces: 2 sides and 4 cross pieces, the birch strip wood
1/8" x 1/8" (3.2 x 3.2mm), the hatch grating and the backing
plate (plan A). Cut three pieces of the grating to the size
shown. Paint the top a wood brown. On a flat surface, glue,
using wood glue, two cross pieces inside, and at the end of,
the side pieces using the plan as a positioning guide. The
tops should be flush. Sand the top outer edge of the side
pieces until the curve of the cross pieces is continued outward
across them, all the way along. Cut 2 lengths of 1/8' x 1/8"
(3.2 x 3.2mm) strip wood to the same length as the side pieces
and glue them to the top, flush with the outside edges. Cut
more strip wood to bend across the four cross pieces, in between
the side strips, and clamp and glue on, flush with the outside
or centered, respectively. Lay these in and check the evenly
spaced fit of all three gratings. Paint the assembly black.
Cut (with a knife or scissors) and glue the backing plates
in so as to make the deck invisible when you look through
the top and glue the gratings in with isocyanacrylate. Cut
away the port and starboard corners of the foremost grating
as shown on plan A to allow the anchor cable to terminate
within. If you want to pin the hatch to the deck, drill 2
1/16S´ (1.6mm) holes, centered at each end (use a jig),
otherwise just glue to the deck in the position shown.
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The main hatch is similar to the fore hatch.
One difference is that after you have cut the grating you
will need to sand a bit off the fore and aft edges to make
it fit.
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The companionway/light is assembled from the
1/4" (6.35mm) wood pieces: 2 sides, 2 walls and 5 cross pieces,
the birch strip wood 1/8" x 1/8" (3.2 x 3.2mm), the 5/32"
(4mm) marine ply companionway roof and the black plastic light
rails. On a flat surface, glue, using wood glue, two of the
cross pieces at the end of the side pieces. Make sure you
get the port (lower) and starboard side pieces the right way
around. The tops should be flush at the ends. Glue the two
companionway walls to line up with the ends of the vertical
edges in the middle of the side pieces. These should all be
flush on top. Glue the roof piece on, overlapping the edges
equally; round the edges. Glue two cross pieces against the
companionway cross walls, and the last cross piece exactly
halfway between the aft two cross pieces. Sand the top outer
edge of the side pieces until the curve of the end cross pieces
is continued outward across them, all the way along the lower
surface. Cut lengths of 1/8' x 1/8" (3.2 x 3.2mm) strip wood
and attach it as for the other hatches. Paint the assembly
black. Cut the light railings to size and glue in with isocyanacrylate;
cut and glue in the backing plates. If you want to pin the
hatch to the deck, drill 2 1/16S´ (1.6mm) holes, centered
at each end (use a jig), otherwise just glue to the deck in
the position shown.
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The wheel:
The wheel base is made up of three pieces of 1/8"
x 3/8" (3.2 x 9.5mm) beech, cut to length and angled as shown
on Plan A and B, drilled and glued together with wood glue. Drill
the two uprights for the 1/8S´ (3.2mm) wheel axle and the
base for a pin if you intend to pin it to the deck. The wheel
drum is cut from 2 sizes of birch dowel and drilled for the 1/8"
(3.2mm) brass rod wheel axle. Drum and frame can be sealed, stained
and sealed, or painted black. The pre-cut black ABS wheel and
the drum you just made are placed between the uprights and the
axle pushed through. It should be cut flush fore and aft and held
in place with a drop of isocyanacrylate. Attach to the deck as
above.
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The bitts:
- The bowsprit bitts: cut the 2 uprights to length (see plan
B) from 5/16S´ x 5/16S´ (7.9 x 7.9mm) birch. Cut
the cross piece to length and chisel out 2 1/32S´ (0.8mm)
deep mortises to accept the uprights. Angle the tops of the
uprights as you did the knightheads. Assemble the backstop,
the aft receiving plate and the fore receiving plate (5/32S´
(4mm) marine plywood) to the uprights and cross piece. Glue
with wood glue. Glue on the support knees (1/4S´ (6.35mm)
wood). Drill for pins if you are to use them (strongly recommended
for this particular piece) and glue to the deck.
-
-
The anchor bitts: as above, but using 3/8S´
x 3/8S´ (9.5 x 9.5mm) birch, rounding the aft end of
the cross piece and without the backstop or receiving plates.
Check for squareness before gluing.
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The two gallows bitts: cut the two uprights
for each of 5/16S´ x 5/16S´ (7.9 x 7.9mm) birch
and the cross pieces of 3/8S´ x 3/8S´ (9.5 x 9.5mm)
to length and glue together. Check for squareness.
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The mainmast bitts: as with the anchor bitts
above.
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The ship's boat:
This is stored upside down on the gallows bitts,
secured by rubber bands. It can be painted blue, with a 1/4S´
(6.35mm) black trim around the gunwale, created by masking off
the latter before painting, with 1/4S´ (6.35mm) wide masking
tape (available at graphic art stores). If you are keen on detail
work this is a good piece to exercice your abilities on by building
the interior of the boat and storing it upright - it will display
your skills beautifully.
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The anchors:
The two large anchors consist of cast stocks and
shanks/arms and a metal ring, to which is seized a piece of the
heaviest cable. The two smaller anchors are similar but you use
brass rod for the stock. Put a 90Á sharp bend in 1/8S´ (3.2mm)
diameter brass rod and cut to 5 3/8S´ (136.5mm) on one side
of the bend and 3/8S´ (9.5mm) on the other. Paint black
and glue, centered, into the shank with the short bend facing
down. Drill the shanks if required. Clean any residual flash off
the castings, make sure they fit together, and glue them. Paint
the rings black (or color them black with permanent marker), and
fit them. Paint the entire anchors black. Neatly cut two 36S´
(1m)and two 12" (300mm) long pieces of the heaviest cable. The
shorter pieces are for the smaller anchor. Form a loop around
each anchor ring and slip on a 1/2S´ (13mm) piece of 1/4S´
(6.35mm) id shrink tubing. Using the cooler shank of a soldering
iron, shrink this evenly down onto the cable as shown. Color the
central white core of the cable with a black permanent ink marker
pen. The large anchors are attached with a small rubber band around
the inboard arm and first slot in the fore channels, and another
around the stock and the aftermost knighthead. The cable from
these heavy anchors is run in through either hawsehole and around
the anchor bitts, see attached sketch, and into the hole in the
grating of the fore hatch, where it is cut to the correct length
and glued with isocyanacrylate. The cable from the small anchors
is knotted just inside the hawsehole (out of sight). The small
anchors can be stored anywhere you see fit. We don‰t normally
put ours on for sailing, as they‰re just another hook to get caught.
You can ensure that the cables "hang" properly by brushing on
matte varnish or wood glue and holding them in the correct loop
as they harden. The cables should run so as not to foul each other
if an anchor was let go.
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Making the chains:
See plan E. The 20 main and fore chains are made
from 5.82S´ (148mm) long pieces of 0.080S´ (2mm) ř
brass wire. With reference to the diagram on the plan E make the
first bend in the wire at 45Á where the stub end bends out to
go around the deadeye. Make a bending jig from a piece of scrap
wood. Drill 2 holes as per the diagram and insert the supplied
steel pins.. Place the wire at the 45Á bend between the 2 pins
and continue to form it around the 3/8S´ (9.5mm) pin until
you cross over the initial bend. Force the wire on top of the
initial bend in the gap between the 2 pins. Put the deadeye in
the loop you have formed and close it. We solder the stub end
to the main shaft using a propane torch and soft silver-bearing
solder (use a heat sink (wet cloth) before the heat can reach
the deadeye!). It could be glued with epoxy or just left as it
is. The lower end needs to be flattened using a hammer. As the
metal spreads out keep it under control by turning it 90Á and
tapping the wider parts back. When you have a simulacrum of the
shape, file it even and drill the 2 0.080S´ (2mm) bolt holes.
Bend the chains to correspond to the athwartship profile. The
brass should be blacked with brass blacking or with permanent
marker pen.
The 8 backstay chains can be made in the same way, but using the
.0625S´ (1.6mm) brass rod, and without the deadeye, just
leaving the ring to loop the backstay tensioning tie through.
These will exert pull, and so the stub end must be soldered to
the main length of the chains.
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The capstan:
This is made up of the six radial pieces and base
plate of 1/8S´ birch, a piece of 1/4S´ birch dowel
cut to length and the birch driving ring and cap. Assemble with
wood glue as shown on plan B. Pin or glue to deck.
Masting:
Follow these instructions in order. The earlier notes
contain lessons and procedures that may need to be applied to the
later assemblies. In general the masts are to be sealed with a clear
(varnish/polyurethane) finish. The yards can be painted black. Before
you start you need to understand how the masts are decommissioned
for transport: the two lower masts pivot backward; the entire bowsprit
and jibboom assembly unplugs; the main topmast (with the main cap
and a piece of the mainmast), the main topmast and pole topgallant
mast assembly unplugs; the fore topgallant pole mast has its royal
top section unscrew. The lowest sections of the masts fit over the
mast step plates inside the hull and are held in the correct place
with pins cut from 1/8S´ (3.2mm) wood dowel. The lower masts
are sealed to the deck with silicone seal.
- The lower mast and bowsprit:
-
Three part mainmast: this is finished for you
except for the cross holes. All in 1S´ (25.4mm) hardwood
dowel. Drill the holes and attach the hardware noted - you
will need to do this for every spar. Trueness to the athwartships
and fore and aft directions are quite important. Reference
lines can be drawn on the mast by lying it on its side, and
running a pencil along it in the correct place. Cut and bend
the 1/8S´ (3.2mm) brass rod pieces for the yard trusses
and glue into the masts using isocyanacrylate. Emplace the
supplied polypropylene lower truss stop pieces (these may
need to have their internal holes enlarged a little, but do
not make them loose - they should be a jam fit) and seat the
mast on its step in the upright and assembled position.
-
Two part foremast: This is the same as the three
piece lower mainmast, except that it is all in 7/8S´
(22.2mm) and there is no separate upper piece or 3/8S´
(9.5mm) brass connecting pin. Follow the same procedure.
-
The bowsprit: This too is in 7/8S´ (22.2mm),
just one piece. Drill a hole, cut and glue in an 1/8S´
(3.2mm) brass pin, as shown, in the lower end. The mainstay
attaches to a large cable tie around the bowsprit, held from
slipping aft by the cutout in the bowsprit rest. This cable
tie needs to pass through the raised deck, and for this, cut
2 1/4S´ (6.35mm) wide slots in the foredeck as shown
on plan A. These can be cut by drilling the end of the slots
first, then sawing from one to the other. Loop a large cable
tie through the two slots, slide the bowsprit through the
hole at the top of the stem, through the loop formed by the
cable tie and into the bowsprit bitts. Thread and tighten
the cable tie till you have a loop above deck, when the lower
loop is pulled against the bowsprit, of 3/4S´ (19mm)
length. Cut off the excess. Assemble the gammoning: it is
made of two large cable ties of roughly equal length loops.
The lower one through the slot in the head and around the
lower rail, joining in the space between the rails, is left
on permanently. The upper one which loops over the bowsprit
and interlocks with this one (pull tight), is the one that
is cut each time for decommissioning.
The lower tops:
These are glued together with wood glue, actually
on their respective masts, from the laser cut ply 1/4S´
(6.35mm) platforms, the 2 1/4S´ (6.35mm) wood trestletree/cheek
combination, the 2 crosstrees from 1/4S´ x 1/4S´ (6.35
x 6.35mm) wood stock, and the 1/8S´ (3.2mm) CNC cut black
ABS filler piece, as per plan C. The trestletree should be grooved
with an 1/8S´ (3.2mm) diameter round file, 1/16S´
(1.6mm) deep to form a rest for the topmast fids (this stops that
mast rotating). Adjust the height accurately, glue and pin to
the masts. You can now paint these black. Wipe off any paint that
gets on the masts.
The lower caps and bowsprit cap:
-
Lower caps: these are pre-cut from 1/2S´
(12.7mm) birch. Paint black and glue mainmast only with wood
glue, cross pin with 3/32S´ (2.4mm) brass rod as shown
on plan C (note the hook for attaching the top of the antenna
to). The foremast cap must be affixed after the shrouds and
stay have been put around its head.
-
Bowsprit cap: this is pre-cut from 1/2S´
(12.7mm) birch. Paint and assemble onto bowsprit as with above.
Drill 1/8S´ (3.2mm) hole 1/2S´ (12.7mm) deep,
through bottom of cap into bowsprit for dolphin striker. Cut
1/8S´ (3.2mm) brass rod to length for dolphin striker.
Hammer flat small area at distal end and drill with 1/16S´
(1.6mm) drill for martingale stay. Shape, if you desire, with
a file. Deburr edges of hole and use wood glue to glue striker
into bowsprit cap, as shown on plan C.
The topmasts and jibboom:
-
Topmasts: drill as shown in plan C. They should
be coated with a clear sealer. Cut and bend the 3/32S´
(2.4mm) brass rod pieces for the yard trusses and glue into
the masts using isocyanacrylate. Cut the topmast fids from
1/8S´ (3.2mm) brass rod. Emplace the supplied polypropylene
lower truss stop pieces. Emplace the masts and fids and drill
the lower caps through the center of the topmasts for 3/32S´
(2.4mm) brass pins. Cut the pins and press in flush. Remember,
the foremast assembly has to wait for the shrouds and stay.
-
Jibboom: drill as shown in plan C. Glue the
CNC cut jibboom saddle onto the bowsprit, and slide the jibboom
into place. Drill through the center of the jibboom and saddle,
3/4S´ (19mm) deep, cut an 1/8S´ (3.2mm) piece
of wood dowel and use to pin. The jibboom is not glued. The
saddle pin is sacrificial and will allow the jibboom to absorb
a large frontal impact without breaking, only requiring a
new saddle pin (so make a couple of spares).
The topmast crosstrees and caps:
-
Topmast crosstrees: these are both the same,
glued up around the topmasts, using wood glue from the two
1/4S´ (6.4mm) trestletrees, the three birch crosstrees
and the 5/32S´ (4mm) black ABS or marine ply filler
piece. The trestletrees should be grooved with an 3/32S´
(2.4mm) diameter round file, 3/64S´ (1.2mm) deep to
form a rest for the topgallant mast fids. Once assembled paint
black, wiping excess paint off the mast.
-
Topmast caps: these are both the same, pre-cut
from 3/8S´ (9.5mm) birch. Paint black and glue on with
wood glue. Pin to topmasts with cut 3/32S´ (2.4mm) brass
rod.
The topgallant pole masts:
Drill both for pins & etc as shown in plan C and
emplace (isocyanacrylate) the stops, cut from 3/32S´ (2.4mm)
brass rod. Cut the yard trusses, bend and glue in with isocyanacrylate.
Glue the trucks on, after the masts are sealed, with a minimal
amount of 5-minute epoxy. Slide into the topmast caps and crosstrees,
emplace the fids (cut from 1/8S´ (3.2mm) brass rod), and
glue and pin with cut 3/32S´ (2.4mm) brass rod.
The driver and gaff booms:
-
Cross drill holes as shown on plan C. Paint
black; cut the black latex tubing to length and slide on.
Attach to the mainmast hinge tongue fitting.
-
ii) There are two gaff booms, one for the reefed
driver, one for the full. Drill and emplace hardware as shown
on plan C. Make up the two sets of gaff halyards by seizing
both ends of the line as described below in ‹shroudsS´,
and leave them attached to the booms.
Standing Rigging:
-
Shrouds are made in pairs, looping over the head
of the mast, which they are seized around, then running down to
the deadeyes, which they are also seized around. So the first
starboard mainmast shroud forms a pair with the second starboard
mainmast shroud. Shrouds are tensioned by the lanyards running
between the upper and lower deadeyes. They are formed into an
integrated whole on each side of each mast by being connected
with a ladder work of ratline that is glued and knotted to each
shroud. The parallelism, correct tension and straightness of these
ratlines is a large feature in the appearance of the ships. Making
them will be tedious, so just do one at the time and move to other
tasks.
-
Shrouds: Take a piece of shroud cable, cut it
long enough to wrap around your mast and down to two adjacent
deadeyes, and seize it tight around the masthead and the deadeyes.
You can attach the deadeyes at the right height from the channels
with a piece of line. To seize line, cut the correct diameter
(it should be the closest to a snug fit) adhesive-lined heat-shrink
tube to a length representative of 3 times (it is 6 times
(+/-) for all but the shrouds) its finished diameter. (Do
a couple of practice pieces first). Slide it over the two
ends and pull the ends tight, clamping beyond the seizing
with an alligator clip or clothes‰ pin. Heat the shrink-tubing
evenly with the cooler part of an electric soldering iron,
until it shrinks down tightly and smoothly. Put a drop of
isocyanacrylate in each end and accelerate. Accelerating isocyanacrylate
should be done with the tiniest whiff of mist from the spray
bottle; more will crystallize and weaken it. Trim off the
excess shroud and color the white core black with permanent-ink
marker pen. Complete the other side, then the next pair, alternately
port and starboard.
-
Ratlines: Cut the required number of ratlines.
Knot them, using half-knots as shown, around the foremost
shroud at the correct spacings, and glue with a tiny drop
of isocyanacrylate. Half-knot each ratline around each shroud
in turn, without worrying too much about neatness yet. Adjust
the knots and spacing until all is perfect. Glue each knot
with a tiny drop of isocyanacrylate. Trim the ends of the
ratlines close.
-
Deadeyes and chains: Make up the required number
of deadeye lanyards (there are 2 sizes of lanyard - keep them
distinct), knot one end with a half knot and cut to length.
Remember, you‰ll need a knot in the other end too, so what
we do is mark the length from the first knot then cut an inch
(25mm) past it. After threading, tie the second knot so it
pulls down to this mark, then cut off the extra. Thread between
the upper (seized into your shrouds) and the lower (held by
your chains) deadeyes as shown in the attached sketch. Once
you have both starboard and port sets made up interleave the
mast loops over the head of the mast, first passing the loops
up from below, through the lubbers‰ hole. Now pull the chain
plates through the correct slots in the channels, and pulling
the lower deadeyes tight against the channels, ensure the
line of the plates is continuous with the line of the shroud
it comes from and mark where the hole needs to be drilled
on the wale for the attachment bolts. When all holes are marked,
drill them and set the chains in and glue the bolts.
-
The upper shrouds:
Just the same as the lower, with the exception of
the chains. The lower deadeyes, once attached to the lanyards,
are complete. Hook them into the correct slot on the tops. No
futtock shrouds are designed into the model.
-
The stays:
See plan E. Seize both ends, the top around the
mast heads, to the lengths determined by your model (it is not
too critical; you‰ll be able to adjust final length with the cable
ties). Attach the lower ends to the points as shown. The mainstay
and forestay both use large cable ties, the remainder use small.
The lower stays do not pass through the oval holes in the platforms
of the tops (which are, in real life, for the yard slings) but
trough the forward end of the lubbers' hole.
-
The backstays:
See plan D. Seize both ends, the top around the
mast heads, to the lengths determined by your model (as above,
it is not too critical). Attach the lower ends to the backstay
chains which are then threaded through the aft holes in the channels;
do not tension yet. Make sure they are lined up with the backstay
above them and their upper loops rest against the channel (you
will have to file out these holes a little to accommodate the
return piece of the brass loop). Mark the points to drill the
attachment bolts. Drill all holes, then glue in the bolts; tension
the backstays with the cable ties.
The Spars and Sails:
Now, we rig the mainyard without any sail. If you
want to attach a furled sail to it (which would be equally correct),
there is enough sail material. Drill the yard and attach hardware
as shown on plan C.
Furled sails are made with unprinted material. The material needs
to be the same breadth as the head of a full sail and about the
same depth. You can add material (nylon) when rolling up the sail,
since in real life the actual thickness of the canvas would be
proportionately greater than we use at scale. Glue (isocyanacrylate)
the top edge to the yard. Fold the sail as illustrated in Plan
D. Tie the furled sail onto the bottom or front of the yard with
neatly trimmed knots in 6 evenly spaced places, using .028S´
(.7mm) manila running rigging line. On topsail and topgallant
yards only, knot (and glue this knot, as with all fixed knots,
with isocyanacrylate) a length of the same manila rigging line
onto the lower yardarm eyes. Seize the lower end to form a loop,
making sure the overall length is the correct spacing to reach
the clew eyes on the yard below once you have attached a rubber
band and rigging hook. Note: the yards change position when the
sails are furled and rest on the lowered yard trusses.
-
The foreyard and the forecourse:
The ss spring wire is pre-bent for you but not cut
to length. Once you have the holes etc. in the foreyard, slip
the wire in, mark and cut to length using the sail outline as
a guide. Cut out the additional piece of sail cloth for the foot
seam (Plan D). To cut sail material see below under ‹loose sailsS´.
Sew this piece to the flap at the foot of the sail so that the
seam line is on the sail edge and the hem is inside. Sew the two
sides of the sail, making a stitch line parallel to the printed
seam lines, even on top of the appropriate one, if possible. Slide
the wire though the two edge seam sleeves, fold the foot piece
over and sew parallel to the foot. Tuck the corners in neatly
and sew down. Add the styrene strips (as below) and assemble the
sail to the yard. Make a small hole in the center of the foot
of this sail, just above the wire; we use a soldering iron so
that the edges seal. Thread a rubber band through this and hook
it to the brass hook on the aft side of the fore raised deck.
-
The topsails and their yards:
Both topsail yards need to be made with furled and
loose sails. Drill and emplace hardware in the four yards as shown
on plan C. Attach the furled sails as described above in ‹the
mainyardS´.
Loose sails should be cut out of the supplied material using a
‹hot-knifeS´, or cut with sharp scissors and then edge-sealed
using the cooler part of a soldering iron. This heat sealing is
important as it stops the material from fraying. Note that the
sails have an extra ‹flapS´ at their heads. Cut the supplied
styrene strips to the same length as the head strips and glue
them to them, using isocyanacrylate, without creating lumps. Insert
the head strips and sail into the slit in the bottom of the yard;
make sure they are centered. The side screened with the ink showing
should be forward. They are necessarily a tight fit; be patient.
Glue in with small amounts of isocyanacrylate. Add the tabling
as shown in plan D. Tabling is adhesive backed. Cut to size and
check fit with the silk-screened lines first, then remove backing
and stick onto the aft side of the sail, using pressure. Pierce
the sails at their clews as shown, using either an 1/8S´
(3.2mm) hole punch (that‰s what we use), or a soldering iron (practise).
Attach small rubber bands into the clews and then rigging hooks
to them. See attached drawings.
-
The topgallants and their yards:
As for the topsails
-
The driver sails and booms:
You have made the two driver gaff booms, one for
the full sail and one for the double-reefed sail. Cut the sails
as above. Glue the heads of the sails into these booms as with
the square sails, but here the sail comes flush with the untapered
end. The clew and tack both get rubber bands and to these are
attached brass rigging hooks. Attach the full one to the rigging
eye on the mainmast, its halyards to the cap fitting and its clew
hooks to the driver boom.
-
The jib:
Sew the luff (leading edge) add the tabling, pierce
for the clew and add the rubber band and rigging hook. Slide the
sail onto the jibstay and tie to the jibboom using a sewing needle
and manila-colored sewing thread to form a loop through the doubled
part of the sail and around the boom.
-
The ensigns and Pennant:
The ensigns should be cut out like the sails, but
leave a 3/8S´ (9.5mm) wide rectangle the length of the hoist
edge of the flag. Fold this in half and sew along the edge of
the flag field. This now makes the header for the flag through
which the halyard is rove and/or clipped to. The halyard runs
between the halyard eye at the aft end of the gaff boom and the
inboard clew eye on the driver boom. The pennant is cut from the
material provided (see plan E) and the hoist folded over and taped
with clear tape to make a tight fit around the main topgallant
pole head under the truck. It is used for gaging wind direction.
Now starting at the bottom, attach the yards and
sails to the masts. The yards get polypropylene stops and/or rests
on their trusses to stop them sliding up.
The Running Rigging and the Servos:
All running rigging is made up of .028S´ (.7mm)
manila line. The three large servos have to be screwed down to their
respective blocks after their arms are attached to the ‹hornsS´
that are already on. The rudder servo is screwed down first and needs
the circular horn that comes attached changed to the larger ‹XS´
horn. You should replace all the center screws that hold the horns
on to the splined hub with the ss screws provided. The brace and sheet
arms are attached with 2 bolts (from the bottom up) secured with washers
and nuts as shown in plan A. The rudder servo arm is attached with
4 ss sheet metal screws
The braces are seized to the brace eyes on the yard
with a small loop. The brace eyes should not be completely closed
so that you can remove the braces when you send down the yards.
The braces are port and starboard for the mainyard and foreyard.
These yards are connected to the yards above them by the clews
of the sails above or by clew lines for furled sails, so that
when they turn, the yards (and sails) above turn. The braces lead
from the brace eye on the yard, through the brace guide, down
the back of the mast (through the upper gaff eye on the main,
and through an eye in a similar place on the fore), through the
polypro brace fairleads in the deck aft of the mast, through the
copper tubing guides and so to the rigging adjusters on the end
of each servo arm.
The lower end of the brace is knotted and glued (after final adjustment)
to the rigging adjuster. These adjusters are designed to work
thus: tie the line to one end hole; place the middle of both adjusters
on their bolts which run through the end holes on the correct
servo arm; adjust the knots so both the yard controlled and the
servo arm are athwartships simultaneously. Later adjustment is
made by moving the adjuster bolt to another hole.
-
The fore and aft sheets:
The jib sheet runs from the jib clew through a rigging
eye on the upper side of the bowsprit, through the rigging eye
on the forward side of the foremast, down through the polypro
fairlead and copper tubing guide, through the 2 eyes on the forward
rigging block and so to the rigging adjuster. A quarter (7gm)
or 3/8 ounce (10.6gm) fishing weight is hooked onto this line
between the 2 eyes under the rigging block. This is to keep the
sheet from snagging things when it is let out but there is no
wind on the sail.
The driver sheet runs from the clew eye on the underside of the
boom through the raised deck polypro fairlead through the 2 eyes
on the aft rigging block (a fishing weight is required here too)
and so to the rigging adjuster on the starboard side of the sheet
servo.
-
The tiller ropes:
Port and starboard, these start knotted to a 1/16S´
(1.6mm) pin in the aft end, far side, of the tiller quadrant,
then leading around the quadrant face to go to the aftmost leading
eye (which you position at the same height as the quadrant) on
the bulwark. They then lead through the eyes on the deck to the
side of the tiller, along the deck to athwartships of the mainmast,
where they go through the polypro fairleads and copper guide tubes
to the rudder servo quadrant. They lead around the face of this
to the far side, where they come through the large pre-drilled
holes to be tied around a 1/16S´ (1.6mm) pin which is adjusted
by moving it to an appropriate hole in the row.
-
Set up of the Radio Control:
See the wiring diagram on plan E. The 815BB servos
need to be directly wired through the ‹YS´ patch cords to
the battery as well as the receiver. You will need the extension
cords provided to reach the battery from one side of these ‹YS´
cords. The 300BB servo can be plugged directly into the receiver.
The receiver should have BEC (battery eliminator circuitry) so
that it does not require a separate battery. We use JR or Futaba
receivers; they are often unavailable as 4 channel so we use 6.
We do not use the switches that come with the radio sets, but
rather unplug the wire connection to the battery. If you would
like to install a switch, choose one for the marine environment
and install it between the positive leads and the battery positive
terminal as shown, possibly sticking through the deck, but at
least high up in the between-decks.
Our HiTec servos come equipped with JR/Airtronics ‹ZS´ or
Futaba‹JS´ connectors. The ‹ZS´s plug into ‹JS´
connectors once the male ‹JS´s have had their little bump
removed, but polarity (yellow wire lines up with yellow wire etc.)
has to be assured visually with ‹ZS´s.
All connections should be fastened (we use Velcro) to the underside
of the deck, as should the receiver. Solder joints should be shrink
tube protected. The receiver antenna should be run up through
a polypro fairlead in the deck (seal the hole with silicone sealant)
just afore the mainmast and the end fastened to an eye in the
main cap with a rubber band.
We remove the return springs from our transmitter gimbals, except
for the rudder, so that the control sticks stay where they are
put. The 7 amp hour lead-acid batteries last us between 4 and
12 hours of sailing, but we always take the battery out after
a sail and recharge. Once the radio is working properly, make
sure the servo arms are athwartships and the rudder servo plate
is symmetrical around the fore & aft centerline of the ship when
the joysticks are in the neutral (centered) position. This can
be adjusted by removing the central arm screw, lifting the arm
off its splines and putting it back on in the correct position.
Lastly, we gather all the cables and receiver and slip them into
a small re-sealable plastic bag, closing the top as much as we
can, then seal it with duct tape and tape it to the side of the
sheet servo. We take extra precautions because we sail mainly
in saltwater.
Assembly of the Launching Cart:
Coat the whole axle (it is not ss) with some durable
water-repellant material (we use vaseline) and set the axles down
on scrap paper or cardboard. Insert cotter pins in the two innermost
holes, slide a large ss washer onto each end and then place the cart
sides onto the axles. See attached sketch for the correct holes to
use. Knock the three cart cross-beams into their triangular holes
with light taps of a hammer. Ensure that they seat properly (the sound
of tapping them becomes solid). Insert the handle into the sides and
attach with the four Phillips head 1/4-20 machine screws and nuts
9they are not ss). Attach the two cradle pieces with 6 3/8-16 ss bolts
and nuts. They go on the outside of the side pieces. Push the bolts
through from the outside. Put a large ss washer on each end of the
axle, slide the wheels on (protruding hub inside), then another washer,
then two ss cotter pins through the axles to hold the wheels, bending
the long arm to retain them. Lastly press the two black ABS cradle
cross pieces into their interlocks on the cradles (slot goes to slot).
Commissioning and Decommissioning
the Ship:
Decommissioning in the launching cart:
(Please note that this assumes you do not use cable
ties on the main topmast and topgallant mast stays, but rather bend
the respective rigging eyes into hooks and just slip the seized stay
loops over them.)
- unscrew the ballast keel knurled nuts.
- remove the sails (just unhook the jib sheet) with their spars.
- cut the cable ties to the
4 mainmast backstays
mainstay
forestay
2 bowsprit shrouds and bobstay
gammoning
- slip off
the main topmast lower deadeyes
main topgallant and topmast stays
the lower loop of the jibstay and fore topgallant mast stay
- remove
the main top and topgallant mast
the bowsprit and jibbom
the upper section of the fore pole topgallant mast.
- remove the mast pins and fold down both masts.
Commissioning is just the same in reverse.
Sailing:
The ship will sail marginally above her waterline, however,
you can adjust this balance by adding weight (we use lead shot in
re-sealable bags).
The braces must move the yards until they press against the first
shroud. The rudder must move at least 30Á from centerline in each
direction. The fore and aft sails are the last thing you should worry
about adjusting when you are learning to control her with your radio.
The rudder is the most critical. You will most often be sailing as
close to the wind as you can when you begin, so as not to lose sea-room.
Close-hauled like this you need to keep the two braces all the way
in on the lee side. On our radios we use the left stick right-left
for the rudder, up-down for the main brace, right stick right-left
for the sheets, up-down for the fore brace.
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